This wonder weed is renowned for its aromatic taste and healing qualities.
By Anna Graham
Revered as both a food and a medicine in ancient Greece and Rome, fennel was also thought to have magical powers and was hung over doors to keep out witches in the middle ages. In The Book of Flowers by Catherine Donzel its meaning is ‘worthy of all praise’. Nowadays fennel is highly regarded as a wonder herb for women, and as a ‘superfood’ for all. Closely related to parsley, carrots, dill and coriander, fennel is considered a weed in Australia. In fact, according to noted chef and food writer Steve Manfredi, you can even find it growing in Centennial Park. But, before you run off with the shears, you should keep in mind that wild fennel isn’t quite as tasty as commercially grown varieties.
Health benefits
Traditionally known as the slimming herb, fennel is a woman’s best friend. Besides having a stimulating effect on the metabolism, it’s also a mild appetite suppressant. Chewing on fennel seeds can reduce feelings of hunger during weight-loss periods and is highly recommended for those with diabetes who are trying to reduce their sugar and overall kilojoule intake. But there’s more. Fennel contains compounds that act like the female hormone oestrogen which make it an ideal natural hormone regulator for women going through menopause. Fennel is also said to enlarge the breasts, treat amenorrhea (loss of menstrual period) and to increase sexual desire. It’s even claimed that it can help promote milk production in new mothers and treat breastfeeding problems. One note of warning, pregnant women should consult their doctors before eating fennel or fennel products as taken to excess they can cause miscarriage.
But, it’s not only women who should include this wonder weed in their diets. The health benefits for both sexes are almost too numerous to mention. Here are just some of the healing properties commonly attributed to fennel:
* Helps restore damaged liver cells and is used by herbalists to treat jaundice, hepatitis and other liver disorders.
* Helps dissolve fat deposits in the body.
* High in fibre, helps lower cholesterol levels.
* Contains a unique combination of phytonutrients, which gives it a strong antioxidant activity. One of these is ‘anethole’, which has been shown to reduce inflammation and help prevent the occurrence of cancer.
* An excellent source of Vitamin C, which assists in conditions like osteoarthritis.
* Increases gastric secretions, improving digestion and soothing upset stomachs and heartburn.
* High in potassium, which means that it’s good for healthy blood pressure.
* Helpful in treating inflammation of the eyes or mouth. It also makes a good mouthwash for gum disease.
* Teas made from fennel are helpful for asthma and other respiratory ailments.
* Used to treat angina and body odour.
How to use
All this and it’s delicious too! Crunchy and slightly sweet, fennel’s unique aromatic taste – a combination of licorice and anise – is most commonly used in Mediterranean cuisine and is a delicious addition to light summer seafood dishes and salads.
When buying fresh fennel look for whitish or pale green bulbs that are clean and firm without splitting or bruising. Stalks should be green in colour and without flowering buds, which reveal that the fennel is past maturity.
All three parts of fennel, the bulb, stalks and leaves, can be used in cooking. To prepare, cut the bulb in half, remove the base and then wash well with water. Slice the bulb vertically before cutting into the size and shape your recipe requires. The stalks can be used for soups, stocks and stews while the leaves can be used as seasoning.
Tip: Fresh fennel is best consumed as soon as possible after purchasing. It can be stored for up to four days in the fridge, but will gradually lose its flavour. Dried fennel seeds can be safely stored in an airtight container for up to six months.
Tip: Top thinly sliced fennel with plain, unsweetened yoghurt and chopped mint to make a delicious traditional Italian salad.
Need some fennel inspriation? Try our fragrant Shaved Fennel Salad with Toasted Pine Nuts… Click here for the recipe!